SLR: Church History Part 1: Persecution, Heresies, Famous People, and Deterioration of Faith

Background

I have always liked History, perhaps because there is this intricate feeling of reliving the past, the feeling of being a visitor experiencing the very lives of people hundreds of years ago. Talking about church history, it is full of tragedies and victories, all the extremes of human life vividly displayed in a kaleidoscope. This article acts as the summary of few takeaways I got from the recent course: The Church: From Pentecost to the Reformation.

By the way, the concept of history could have at least two meanings. 1st, it could refer to the events that happened in the past; 2nd, it could refer to the study of the past. Being lazy as I am, I usually want to simply enjoy the findings of more diligent historians and just read about the past. However, it is vital also to understand the process of producing these findings and know, that the history we read are mostly assumptions and logical deductions. The course teacher provides a perspective on the study of history: “In determining historical cause, the historian must carefully consider the impact of God’s divine control and human freewill” (Smeeton 2015, 304). In other words, factual events in history might be divine interventions of God, or they might happen due to some extempore burst of human action without any reasonable cause.

Now, let us revisit some historical moments from the past.

Persecution of Early Christians

The history of the Christian church begins after the crucifixion, death, burial, resurrection, and ascension of Jesus Christ. During the Jewish festival of Pentecost, something extraordinary happened. After these events, the Christian community in Jerusalem grew steadily, accompanied by miracles and wonders. However, these were not easy times. Jewish religious leaders felt that their authority and dominance had been challenged, so they arrested Christians and tried to condemn them. The first Christian martyr was Stephen, and there arose “a great persecution against the church in Jerusalem”, which forced Christians to spread widely, taking the Good News about Jesus everywhere they went (Acts 8:1-8).

Again and again there were persecution of early Christians recorded in the book of Acts, as well as in the books of history. Not only Jewish religious folks persecuted Christians, soon also the Roman officials, including the emperor himself, began to persecute Christians. There are few reasons:

• Christians did not worship the emperor --> their loyalty was questioned
• Christians did not commit to Roman ways of expressing loyalty, such as declaring “Caesar is lord”, or offering incense to the emperor.
• Christians did not worship any visible images or artifacts --> they were thought to be atheists, because at the time Roman gods had visible images and statues
• Christians talked about eating the flesh and drinking the blood of Jesus --> they were thought to be cannibals
• Christians spoke of love for their brothers and sisters --> they were thought to practice incest and hold sexual orgies
• Christians threatened the privileges of rich and powerful, because they believed that all men are equal

The persecution meant mostly death: they were arrested and taken to colosseums, or killed on the cross, or burned at the stake etc. Such severe consequences intimidated many, but the courage and commitment shown by Christian martyrs had even stronger influence on more people. Many new converts confessed their faith in Jesus, and Christian church grew rapidly through persecutions. This growth is called by Sell (1998, The Church in Victory) as “one of the marvels of history”. It is well concluded by Schaff (1992, 14), that this growth “furnished striking evidence of its divine origin”, and regarding persecution: “every genuine martyr was a living proof of the truth and holiness of Christian religion”.

Heresies Through the Centuries

In the early days of Christianity, apostles and church leaders faced many questions regarding the exact doctrine of this new religion. In the books of New Testament, Paul of Tarsus provided a comprehensive telling of fundamental Christian doctrines: all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God (Romans 3:23); Jesus sacrificed Himself to pay for the sins of everyone (John 3:16-17, Romans 5:6-9), and everyone can be saved/justified by God through receiving/believing in this gift of Jesus (John 1:12, Ephesians 2:8-9). In addition, New Testament tells about bodily resurrection, return of Jesus, condemnation of sinners and Satan, and eternal glory with God for Christians.

However, there are numerous details regarding Christian life that are not defined: should Christians be living in seclusion or gain wealth in this world? Should church have temporal power (political, social, juridical, etc.)? Should there be only one church organization, or can there be many churches? Etc.
There are also numerous theological details left unstated: what is the nature of Jesus? How can God be one if Jesus is also God? Are the wine and bread really blood and flesh of Jesus? Cannot man live a good life and be fully acceptable to God?

Below is a table presenting the major heresies faced by the early church, and most of them have had continued influence throughout centuries until our days!


The heresies and pagan influences forced early Christian leaders to define orthodoxy doctrines regarding all aspects of life. Through the guidance and help of the Holy Spirit, the church emerged victorious from one heresy after another. However, human impact also accumulated, and the medieval church went far away from the way it was supposed to be.

Famous People

History is full of people we do not know, because most men lived and died without being acknowledged by any historian. This does not give credit to these men and women, because they certainly left their marks in the history! Though no human historian has recorded their lives, the divine Historian certainly has all the things in his famous book (Revelation 20:11-15). In the space below, I present few of the well-recognized historical persons, who had tremendous impact on the life of Christian church.

Polycarp (ca. 70-156) was the church leader in Smyrna (nowadays Izmir, Turkey), who knew apostle John personally. The description of the last words of Polycarp is touching: “The Proconsul continued insisting and saying, “Swear, and I release you; curse Christ.” And Polycarp said, “Eighty-six years have I served Him, and He has done me no wrong: how then can I blaspheme my King who saved me?”” (Smeeton 2015, 60). Then he was burned to death.

Tertullian

Tertullian (ca. 160-220), a.k.a. Father of Latin Theology, spoke out against the increasing worldliness in the church, and defended orthodox faith against Gnostics and Docetists. Tertullian provided theological definitions regarding Christ and Trinity, and he eventually joined Montanist movement as a protest against corruption of church.

Already back in the third century, Origen (ca. 185-254) developed the exegetical study of the Bible. Emperor Constantine the Great issued the Edict of Milan in 313, which made Christianity a legal religion. The first pope is often held to be Leo I of Rome (440-461), who established papal primacy with the support from emperor.

Benedict of Nursia (ca. 480-547) founded the Monte Cassino monastery in 529, which started the Benedictine Rule, balancing the lives of monks between work, study, worship, and healthy living (Smeeton 2015, 119). Patrick (389-461) evangelized Ireland, which became predominantly Christian at his death. Theodore of Mopsuestia (350-428) introduced the grammatical historical method of interpreting the Bible. Jerome (ca. 345-419) translated the whole Bible from original languages to Latin, which became the official church Bible for the next thousand years!

Augustine of Hippo (354-430) is well known to modern scholars and students of theology: his books Confessions and City of God are classics, and his theology has impacted the church life in many ways. Augustine wrote against the various heresies at his time, and contributed to theological areas such as the doctrine of church, doctrine regarding human sinfulness and salvation, and doctrine regarding the grace of God.

Then few missionaries: the “apostle to the Germans” Boniface (680-754), the “apostle to the North” Ansgar (801-865), and the “apostles of the Slavs” Cyril and Methodius. There were also many reformers, who saw the spiritual decline of the church and wanted to change that trend: William of Occam (ca. 1290-ca. 1349) attacked superstitious aspects of Catholic religious life; Meister Eckhart (ca. 1260-1327) and other Christian mystics sought personal experience with God; Thomas à Kempis (1380-1471) emphasized personal devotion and social involvement; John Wycliffe (ca. 1328-1384) translated the Bible into English; John Hus (ca. 1369-1415) highlighted the Bible as the absolute authority.

Medieval Church Map

These and many more testified for the vitality and power of Christian faith in the dark periods of Christian history. Many paid the price with their lives. Was it worth it? These brilliant men and women did not seek worldly glory, but they trusted their Lord to reward them justly, and they shall not be disappointed.

Deterioration of Christian Faith

The Christian faith has deteriorated since its beginning all the way through the 16th century. The church stayed united within the Roman church all the way until year 1054, when the Greek Orthodox church fully separated. From outward aspects, the overall Christian church continued its growth all this time, evangelizing and converting more and more pagans from surrounding areas. But internally, the quality of faith rotted away to give way to wealth and power.

This trend was mainly due to the increasing material wealth and political power yielded by papacy and church, which caused clergy to focus on wealth of this world instead of spiritual things. Despite the negative overall trend of secularization, the severe inquisitions showed that there were always those committed to Christ and wanted reform in the church.

Catholic theology also contributed to the spiritual decline, because it began to emphasize clergy as the necessary middle man between man and God, and it declared that there is no salvation outside of Roman Catholic church. Popes began to issue papal decretals, which were letters with binding authority similar to decrees of emperors. The climax of papal status and at the same time papal erroneous doctrine took place when pope Gregory VII (1073-1085) wrote the Dictatus Papae, which essentially gave papacy the authority and role of God on earth. How lost and blind these “holy men” were!

Selling of Indulgences

Catholic theology also supported the selling of indulgences to allow people to receive forgiveness of sins, and in their greed, the clergy popularized this practice and gained much wealth. The continued misuse of ecclesiastical power and abuse of the trust of people lead to growing discontent. As nation-states began to gain power and Renaissance began to sweep over Europe, the stage was set for the Protestant Reformation. That is the beginning of a new era, which will be discussed separately.

Conclusions

It is obvious that this article only scratches the surface of all the events between 1st and 16th century. Each event, person, and time deserves a longer study of their own. The failures of Christian church include immorality, the sale of grace of God, focusing on wealth and power instead of love and service, cruelty, crusades, and overall hypocrisy. The success of church lies on the God who created it, who calls people to follow Him, and leads the events in history.

My learning from this part of history is that God can use ordinary people in extraordinary ways. Another fact emerges also: the Christian church is founded on Jesus Christ, and Holy Spirit actively protects, guides, and helps it to grow. The universal church does not refer to church organization but to the invisible body of truly committed followers of Christ, this should also teach us to not overlook other Christians. Most importantly, would this church history convince you about the faithfulness and goodness of God? It is because of His faithfulness that church has survived until now. History is very helpful in providing perspective, may God help you to see His deeds in the past, and trust in Him with your life for the future.



References:

Eckman, P. James. 2002. Exploring Church History. Wheaton: Crossway.
Schaff, Philip. 1992. History of the Christian Church: Volume II – Ante-Nicene Christianity A.D. 100-325. Grand Rapids: WM. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company.

Schaff, Phillip. 1994. History of the Christian Church: Volume III – The Middle Ages: From Constantine The Great to Gregory The Great A.D. 311-600. Grand Rapids: WM. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company.

Sell, Henry T. 1998. Studies in Early Church History. Willow Grove: Woodlawn Electronic Publishing.

Smeeton, D. Donald. 2015. The Church: From Pentecost to the Reformation, an Independent- Study Textbook, 3rd Edition. Springfield: Global University.

Sproul, R. C. 2005. The Unexpected Jesus: The Truth Behind His Biblical Names. Fearn, UK: Christian Focus Publications.

Sproul, R. C. 2011. What Is the Trinity?. Orlando: Reformation Trust.

SLR: What I Learned About Islam?

Background

Islam as a religion has existed nearly 1400 years, but only in recent decades its influence has reached a new height. The oil resources controlled by Islamic countries are great assets, which in their own ways steer the politics and economics of the whole world. Worldwide migration of people has formed Muslim minorities in traditional Christian countries, and also Christian minorities in traditional Islamic countries. Wars and famines are also causing great migrations, bringing cultures together for better and for worse.

I have not had extensive cooperation or dealings with Islamic culture, and I have not really had any Muslim friends. I have not dealt with the “folk Islam”, which is effectively guiding the behavior of majority of Muslims. I have not needed to. However, nowadays Finland has also a populous Muslim minority, who are being watched by the media and suspicious eyes of phlegmatic Finns. How should I face this new situation? What can I learn about Islam? It turned out that there are plenty I could learn and do.

Religious Essentials

I took a course named “Introduction to Islam”, and thought it to be interesting and contemporary. It provided a lot of information regarding the history, essentials, and many facets of Islam. Here I am listing few items which were new to me or otherwise made an impression on me:

• Qur’an is the holy book of Islam, and it is recited everywhere in Arabic, which is held as the divine language.
• By reciting Qur’an in Arabic, Muslims experience the connection with God
• There were no diacritical marks nor vowels in written Arabic Qur’an, allowing for some degree of ambiguity in interpretation
• Prophet Muhammad had a rich life, and was a capable leader who cared for the poor, the weak, and the needy
• The Arabic culture prior to Islam was full of scattered idol worship, and in general not held in high esteem
• Islam means submission, practically submission/obedience to God and His prophets
• Muslim denotes a person who submits and yields his life to God according to Islam
• Hadith denote the whole collection of the actions and sayings of Muhammad, which are to be followed precisely
• Sunna means the conducts of Muhammad as a man
• Together, the Qur’an, the Hadith, and the Sunna mark the detailed ways of life all Muslims are to follow
• The 5 pillars of Islam are the creed (shahada), prayers (salat), fasting (sawm), alms (zakat), and pilgrimage (hajj)
• Umma denotes the “Islamic community” as one single nation, similar as Christian concept of church as the body of Christ. In this definition, Islamic view of the world is simply divided into the House of Islam and the House of War, basically Muslims and non-Muslims
• The concept of Jihad and power of Islam are rooted to the very beginning of Islam, when wars were fought and won and the House of Islam was quickly expanded to become a world power
• Folk Islam is a concept which describes the beliefs and practices of majority of Muslims, which are not according to orthodox Islam, but which are the way these Muslims live out their religion. Fold Islam contains such things as e.g. superstition, amulets, talisman, the evil eye, and various spiritual things.

There are of course more to Islam than above list. For example, a big surprise for me was how Christians are seen by the Muslims.

Christianity in the Eyes of a Muslim

Just as I did not know about Folk Islam, the Muslims are seldom aware about liberal theology or so called nominal Christians. Most of Muslims think that Christian West really means that all the people in Christian countries are Christians. No wonder Muslims have really low appreciation for Christianity.

Another major tenet I did not know was that Qur’an speaks very positively about Jesus, and that Muslims hold Jesus in very high honor! Connected to this, the deity of Jesus is refuted by Islam, but this relates to their understanding about Christianity: Jesus had the message from God, but Christians replaced/corrupted it by changing the content to the “gospels” in New Testament. In the same line, the concept of Trinity of Christianity is idol worship, where three gods are worshipped: God the Father, Mary, and Jesus. Huge misunderstandings!

Another major issue seems to be the crucifixion of Jesus. I did not know that Qur’an actually talks about this: “but they killed him not, nor crucified him, but so it was made to appear to them, …, for a surety they killed him not – Nay, Allah raised him up unto Himself” (Sura 4:155-158). So, Islam has interpreted this text to mean that Jesus was NOT crucified at all, but a substitute was crucified, which Jews thought was Jesus. There are other theories also, but this is the majority view. Islam cannot understand, how God could give an innocent man like Jesus to be crucified on others behalf, it is against Islamic understanding of justice of God.

There seems to be many conflicts regarding who Jesus was, did He really die, and who is right about God: Islam or Christianity? At this point, I would like to consider, whether it is possible to find harmony between these two groups?

How to Live in Harmony?

When studying the course Introduction to Islam, at times I had difficulty to breathe: the tight grip of Islam on its adherents took my breath away. There are social, economic, and cultural implications for a Muslim to convert to another faith. The worldview built into Islam is totalistic and requires absolute submission, which the term Islam means. The division of House of Islam from House of War automatically puts non-Muslims into a secondary position, and any amount of oppression seems to be justified.

How does Christianity respond to this? All I can think of is Love. The Agape -love of God that Christians keep on talking about, it encompasses all people on earth, including Muslims. If there are wrongs done to them, Christians would love back, as Jesus taught in New Testament (Matthew 5:43-48). Of course, back in the history there has been plenty of violent responses from Christians to Muslims, but were those done in the spirit of God or in the spirit of man? There has been many a dark moment in human history, when men have erupted against other men and killed, tortured, wronged them, simply because they were somehow different.

Despite the history, I believe there can be harmony. The harmony of Love, which “keeps no record of wrong”, “always protects, always trusts, always hopes, always perseveres” (1^st Cor. 13:5, 7). Though it IS unfair, the Love of God is able to take all the beatings, humiliation, tortures, and offences. All this, because “I know that my redeemer lives, and that in the end he will stand on the earth” (Job 19:23). God will have his fair and just judgement, and by trusting Him in Jesus Christ, anyone can learn to Love.

Without Love, it is impossible to reach harmony, because hate and vengeance are never-ending cycles. Despite the possible absolute submission to Islamic teachings about what is orthodox, in the deep heart of every man and woman, adult and child, there is the need to be loved. So, regardless are you a Christian or a Muslim, I call you to surrender to the Love. It is not blind, it is not cheap, it does not change your circumstances nor history, but it will change you! The Love of God was demonstrated: “While we were still sinners, Christ died for us” (Romans 5:8). And through Jesus: “to all who did receive him, to those who believed in his name, he gave the right to become children of God” (John 1:12)!

How Do I Choose to Live?

Now in everyday life, how should this Love be seen? How it should affect my life? What I have come to understand is this:

1. Recognize my prejudices and repent about them
2. Pray and ask for Love from God
3. See Muslims first of all as men/women loved by God, and then as friends God has put into my life
4. Spend time together, do something fun, learn language, help with daily chores…
5. Share the Love of God via warmth, actions, and words.

There is always a risk of becoming hurt or deceived, if one chooses to Love. Then again, we are not called to love dumbly, but there are wise principles and safe limits that help us to Love consistently. To Love is not to forget rationale, but an attitude of life.

Conclusions

What has this blog text brought to your mind? Do you agree or do you object strongly? Your feedback is more than welcome! Our lives are always undergoing processes, because we are human, tied in time and given only each moment we live in. Fortunately God has put eternity in our hearts (Ecclesiastes 3:11), so it is not only a meaningless ride, but every moment really counts! Make your words and actions count, not towards worldly and passing things, but towards eternal and meaningful things.

“So whether you eat or drink or whatever you do, do it all for the glory of God.” (1^st Corinthians 10:31)

SLR: What is Going on in Our World Today?

For a structured reading experience, you can go to here.

Introduction

The acronym “SLR” stands for Service Learning Requirement, which is a part of a course I am taking right now. This article aims to utilize some of the course material and present an evangelistic message to you, my readers. However, this is not meant to become a single-sided sermon on the evil of the world. Instead, I hope to pen down some of the phenomenon during the past years in various parts of the world, and provide some insights for your consideration.

Our World Today

As of September 2016, there has been major terrorism attacks in Europe, which have changed the way people feel about security. The economic down turn in Europe has also been evident for some years, causing increased financial insecurity. Environmental issues have occupied headlines more frequently, little by little erasing the hope for a better future. Technology has brought a lot of new gadgets and entertainment, which are becoming more mundane than ever.

The world is being united: English language removes obstacles in communication; airlines remove obstacles in geography; TV and internet remove obstacles in culture. People are becoming international, or actually more global than ever. What has this development brought to you? Perhaps more job opportunities outside of your native country? Perhaps more travel opportunities to see wonders of the world? Perhaps finding the one you love from other side of the globe? Perhaps all of these, or perhaps none.

What are also real in the world today: wars, famine, abundance, migration, comfort, natural disasters, high tech, tolerance, racism, communalism, individualism, pride, suffering, some love, and a lot of hate. Vengeance. Lies. Soap operas and X-factors, movies, stars, conspiracy theories, self-enlightenment, self-indulgences. Science is not the power driving society anymore; individual aspirations and ideologies have ascended the throne.

There are still some beautiful things in nature, people, life. But these are becoming rare. Or perhaps it is the observant who has learned to neglect better. How is our world today? What do you think?

Why Our World is as It Is Today?

Now, skipping the answer to “how is our world today”, I come to the question: why our world is as it is today? Below are few aspects, and I hope to hear your comments/feedback if any.

• The reasons of the unrest of world: There is no single reason that answers this question. Some say religion is the reason for wars, some say greed is the reason for totalitarianism, some say lack of love is why people hate each other, some say poverty is the reason for unrests. Actually, the condition of our world is nothing new, there has always been wars, murders, uprisings, and violent encounters. The difference is that we are now more aware of these due to advancement in broadcasting and technology. More NEWS has brought more information which has brought sympathy and eventually apathy.
• The reasons for unhappy people in the Western world: The postmodern ideology of the relativity of truth and reality has taken away any firm foundation on which an individual can build his/her life upon. Within the ideology, tradition is a constructed evil meant to control people; society is a necessary evil meant to keep order; and religion is a myth meant to comfort people. What postmodern people do not see is the setting of individual (subjective ideas) to become truth itself, which in turn leads to self-centricity = pride. In this condition, one accepts only values/ideas suitable for oneself, and rejects any “authorities” that do not agree. When one has thus isolated him/herself, one has also isolated oneself from happiness

• The reasons for unhappy people in the Eastern world: The glamorous and enjoyable material abundance occupying Western countries have become the single goal for Eastern countries. Without the Christian worldview, Eastern people tend to give no value to oneself, but rather sees community/family as a priority. Coupled with materialistic outlook developed in recent decades, people in the Easter world compare his/her success to others. They also compare rank, power, beauty, wisdom, wealth, and health, just to name a few. In this endless loop of comparison, people living in Eastern world do not become satisfied, and happiness eludes from them.
• The reasons for unhappy people in poverty: The answer seems obvious: they are poor! But, if we look deeper, it is not poverty itself that takes away happiness. Children are happy if they have family and friends, of course if they get their daily portion of food. If there is no daily portion of food, can the love and care of close people still bring happiness? To certain extend, yes. My view on this topic is, the world is biased in its treatment of people: rich becomes richer, poor becomes poorer. Greed and hording of wealth are fundamental reasons to poverty, and bribery system in most of poor countries only makes it more obvious. People in poverty could be happy if they are cared for, treated as human beings, and given the opportunity to change their lives. Holistic intervention helps.

• What is happiness? Postmodern mind will bring up this question, and it is a fair question to ask. Bible has a saying: “godliness with contentment is great gain, for we brought nothing into the world, and we cannot take anything out of the world” (1 Timothy 6:6-7, ESV). The core here are godliness and contentment. I would agree. Godliness offers a set of values that are defined by God (assuming that the Christian God is real), which transcend time, space, culture, society, and which are claimed to bring happiness to every individual. Contentment is a choice of mind, an attitude of living, which helps people to accept happiness produced by godliness. Contentment doesn’t mean lack of ambition; it rather keeps ambitions honorable and worthy.
  One of the problems in the world today is that people are too busy to think, or too lazy to think deeply. Often we do not want to take the pain of delving deeper into our motives, values, thoughts, or emotions. In the text above, I have listed few observations, and below I will list few conclusions. Would you agree with them?

How Our World Should Be?

• Will our world be able to sustain itself? Recently there are more and more news regarding possibilities to migrate to Mars. Also, famous Stephen Hawking has deemed the earth to be inhabitable in less than 1000 years, likely under 200 years. Though I do not agree with Stephen about the way earth will diminish, I concur that current way humanity operates is not sustainable. Our selfish living and tremendous consumption of resources, in addition to pollutions produced, are toxicating the earth without any hope of recovery. Our so called “advancements in civilization” are only nice looking outward improvements without true internal change. People are as evil as ever, and more technology only offers more power to practice evil deeds.

• What then? The Bible tells us that before long, there will be major catastrophes on earth (Rev. 6:8; 8:7; 9:3-6; 11:6, 13, 19), and at the end God will create a new heaven and a new earth (Rev. 21:1). Though the “short-term” outlook of our world is not very bright, biblical faith offers comfort and hope, for “God himself will be with them and be their God”, and “He will wipe every tear from their eyes” (Rev. 21:3-4). What is heaven? The essence of it is to be with the loving and righteous God, in full contentment, happy, and forever thankful for what He has done. There will be no hunger, no thirst, no longlines, no pain, no death, no sorrow; because God himself will rule and care. That is how our world should be.

• You might sigh at my quotations from the Bible, thinking it to be outdated or simply superstitious. Then again, have you really sought to disapprove what Bible says? Have you considered the consequences of God being real, and the Bible being really a revelation from Him? You can check some internet resources for deeper study, e.g. C.S. Lewis Apologetics, or Christian Apologetics Research Ministry. In the meanwhile, let me provide an presentation of Christian message for the world today.

• The Christian message for the world today: The Christian message for you today is actually nothing different from what was proclaimed in the first century AD by the disciples of Jesus Christ: “He commanded us to preach to the people and to testify that he is the one whom God appointed as judge of the living and the dead. All the prophets testify about him that everyone who believes in him receives forgiveness of sins through his name” (Acts 10:42-43). Another quote: “Therefore, my friends, I want you to know that through Jesus the forgiveness of sins is proclaimed to you. Through him everyone who believes is set free from every sin, a justification you were not able to obtain under the law of Moses” (Acts 13:38-39).

• How it works? Let me break it down for you.
  • We people are sinners in the eyes of God: we are not perfect as He is, we are selfish, proud, self-centered. We compare ourselves with others, which produce either pride or jealousy. We lack compassion, empathy, love. We lack the ability to not sin. (see Psalm 53:3, Romans 3:23, James 2:8-11)
  • We are not able to help ourselves: we cannot remit our sins, cannot remove the guilt, cannot redo what has been done, cannot help ourselves. Acknowledging this, we cannot help other people to remit their sins, as we cannot even help ourselves. (see Hebrews 9:22)
  • God has provided a way: Because God loves us and does not want us to suffer the consequences of sin, He chooses to forgive our sins. However, God is also just, so His nature requires a punishment for our sins. Jesus came to solve this problem: He led a perfect life in humility and power, then surrendered Himself to humiliation and torture, to shameful death on the cross. Jesus took the punishment of our sins, and was able to do so because He is the Son of God, and He did not sin. Jesus also rose from the dead, because death had no reason to keep Him. (see John 3:16-17, 1 John 3:5, 2 Corinthians 5:21, Luke 23:47; Romans 5:6, Matthew 26:26-28, Colossians 2:13-15, Galatians 1:4, 1 Peter 3:18; Acts 2:24, 2:32, 3:15, 4:33)
  • Do we choose the way God has provided? God has provided the way of redemption for our sins, salvation for our souls, and true peace and happiness in life. The choice is yours, whether to accept His gift, or to ignore it? To accept it, simply calm down and tell Him, tell Him about your weaknesses, imperfections, and that you cannot help yourself. Tell Him that you want to receive His gift for you: salvation, remittance of sins, the new life promised. Then thank Him for this gift. That’s it. (See John 1:12, Romans 10:9-13)
  

  • How to continue? Life continues, usually, also after your decision to accept salvation by Jesus. What I can recommend is that you would contact someone who is a Jesus -follower, and share with him/her what you have just done. It would also be good to get a Bible and starting to read, e.g. starting with Gospel of Mark, then the letter to Galatians, letter to Colossians, etc. You can also pray to God in the name of Jesus, whenever and wherever you are, regarding whatever issues, aloud or in your mind. Finally, it is important to find a healthy church where you can ask questions, experience love of the Christian family, and find your spot. Do not just keep this to yourself, our world needs more people like you. (see Matthew 5:13-16, Romans 8:14-16, Romans 8:26, Luke 11:1-13, 1 Corinthians 12:12-26, Hebrews 10:24-25)

Final Remarks

The “How it Works” -section above might be lengthy, but I pray it is right for you, who are looking for answers and seeking for help. Your life does matter, and you have unique value in the eyes of God. He loves you!

I am open to hear from you and learn your story. I might also be able to answer some of your questions, if any. The goal of believing in Jesus and living as a Christian is not simply to receive salvation, or become a better person, or get ideas how to make this world a better place. The goal of believing in Jesus is simply that it is the best thing that can happen to us, and through us, it is the best thing that can happen to people around us and for this world. Believe in Him, follow His guidance in your life, build up a relationship with Him, and you will not be bored.

If you are already a Christian and have been following Jesus in your life, great! I want to bless you and pray that you continue to receive gifts from God, with which you can serve the people around you and build up your church. The gifts from God might be health, or an ability to care for people, or a skill to do something, or finances, or a power to pray, or humility. Do not despise what He gives to you, but use it to your full potential. I am sure you will find Him smiling at you when you do.

Have faith, have hope, enjoy Love, be blessed!

Revitalizing The Blog

It seems that this blog has been sleeping for some time, so now is a good time to ring the wake up call. What has happened during the past two years or so?

The monkey king in the picture is not the answer to the rhetoric question above. Two years has included a lot of things, especially in the mind-buzzing high-speed ever-changing environment of China. Maybe it's good to simply summarize, maybe just a few highlights or learnings, if it can rightfully act as an extended memory picture.

1. The biggest thing in the past two years: a transformation of mind. Towards the end of our stay, I felt that I have become a local person. I followed the local news, knew the tricks in dealing with various issues, checked traffic condition from the map before going out, checked regularly air pollution forecasts and planned our life accordingly. Everything was normal, part of life. It felt good to belong, but it also became exhausting. Life in a big city is not easy nor relaxing.

2. The Funniest thing in the past two years: there were so many, perhaps mostly related to our kids. But for me personally, some great colleagues at work have brought a lot of fun into everyday life. The jokes, the discussions, the attitude with which we handled our dwindling job. Very professional, mostly, and definitely unique in many ways. And I find it funny.

3. The happiest moment: This is a tough one, because I tend to find happiness often and in everyday lives. I am often thankful to God for minor details, and satisfaction brings a lot of happiness. Perhaps the major happy moments relate to the assorted meals I managed to enjoy all over the places, heh. Then again, the single most happiest moments relate to seeing and knowing that the lives of some of our dear friends have experienced God and changed. Simple as that.

4. The saddest moment: The saddest moment was, when the husband of my aunt was diagnosed with lung cancer at late stage, but he was kept unaware of the seriousness of it. I went to see him, but could not tell it to him, and could not openly discuss death with him. A couple of weeks later he died, only one day after finding out about the cancer. I think I should have boldly talked to him about things, now it's too late. The saddest moment is the wrong decision / lost opportunity, which can only be regretted. And to learn from.

5. The most touching experience: This also relates to sickness and death. A close family friend was diagnosed with pancreas cancer, went through couple of successful surgeries, but suddenly the cancer spread wider and he died after few months of hospitalization. He was a successful man in his career, artistic, sensible, and has a wife and daughter. He was sporty and tall, and owned a healthy frame. But towards the end, he was stripped one layer at a time, one title at a time, one thing a time, until he was weak, thin, hopeless. His wife stayed by his side until the end, but inside his thoughts, he had to surrender everything that used to be dear to him. I had couple of occasions to visit him, talk with him, pray for him, and tell him about salvation in Jesus Christ. He was willing to receive Jesus into his heart. Was it a desperate grasp of anything that could save him? I don't know. God knows. When I gave him a hug before leaving, he pulled me to himself and gave me a long hug, with tears. I am thankful I could be there for him.

6. The most beautiful thing: The smiles of people, the beautiful creation of God, the growing children, the tears of repentance and salvation. For me, the most beautiful things were minor details I observed through the mundane daily routine. And there were many!


An old man playing guitar and singing old tunes.



A train station right before heavy rain fall



Childhood delicacies: buns with chili, and Tofu with chili sauce



Sea side

Greetings from Afar

It so happened that the month of May went by without a blog post. Perhaps I could catch up in June.

Recently we have received few greetings from back home. These greetings have come in different formats, some emails, some letters, some cards, some as useful utensils. We have been very grateful for these greetings, and they have brought tears to our eyes.

Today I received an email from an elder lady, whose family I have met only a couple of times. We have served together in her church when I have visited the town she lives in. We are not that close, but this is what made her letter so special: she was so caring and sharing, that I really felt the hearty love she and her family have towards us. Far away, they are praying for us. We share same faith, same Spirit, same God. We each have our challenges and hardships, but together we march on. Soldiers of Christ.

Yes, being far away is special, and those greetings from afar are the diamonds shining the light from above into our dusty everyday life. I treasure these greetings, I treasure these people. I treasure the family I have in Christ. What a width, length, height, and depth of the love of Christ! (Ephesians 3:18)

Thank you, and just to let you know: you are dear to us, and we also pray for you.

The fields of my home village, where I visited for grandma's funerals

A Little Bit of This and That

Somehow the inspiration to write occurs often during the silence of the night. After the busy goings of the day is over, and all rational people are sound asleep, I felt the urge to write.

Our past month has gone by like the wind: quickly and in a clean manner. I do not know if our life has become too simple, or just that we are still in transition. Perhaps all that and even more.

The picture at right side is an ancient sun watch, perhaps invented in China, I don't remember. It reminds me about the uniqueness of time: though ancient, it is still valid; though immeasurable, still measured; though in the past, still in the future; though equally possessed by everyone, still weighing completely different for different people.

I'm sure about it, now: we are in transition. To settle into this new life currently means that we still have questions unanswered, things pending, processes ongoing, and sights unseen. The biggest question currently is: what should we do here? In such a vast city there are all kinds of people, huge opportunities and possibilities, huge needs and at the same time many resources available. I feel like a small detail in the midst of this buzzing society. Perhaps this is the reality I've been exposed to? Is it actually a win or a loss when I forget this feeling and get the answer I want?

All in all, I'm certain that this period of time will pass. We will figure out more about God's plan for us, and we will be busy going about the "official" business. In the mean while, we are learning to pitch our tents for His glory in everyday life. Day by day, the fragrance of Christ will spread from us to our colleagues, neighbors, friends, relatives... That is our prayer.

Life tastes good. Growth takes place also during silent periods. I learn, if I just mind to learn. God speaks, if I just mind to listen. Simple, isn't it? :)

Discussions

Despite being away, internet allows some ongoing discussion with distant friends. Here are some point I recently thought about and wrote down, perhaps they could stimulate some of you to shed your opinions?

Forewords
We should preach full gospel and what God wants for people, e.g. how should Christians live and behave for His glory. And that's it. The problem comes when things don't go in an ideal way, then we have the responsibility to look into details and find right answers for each situation.

But my claim is, that we simply do not have detailed answers for each situation, and God did not intend us to be all-knowing. If someone says those are things Bible teaches simply and plainly, OK, no problem. But when certain situations arise which these Bible passages do not actually discuss, then it is more or less a stretch to apply certain passages to certain situations. That is called interpretation, which we all do. Then it is a matter of the principles by which we interpret.

Issue 1
All these are kind of background thinking and ways of seeing things. If we talk about re-marrying issue, the first point: what happens to the marriage covenant when divorce takes place. Let's assume the case to be, that one side wants to divorce (not-real-Christian) and the other side doesn't want (real-Christian). In Finland divorce takes place when one side wants it, so it happens.
- Is the marriage covenant broken or it is still valid? This is talking in spiritual world, because legally it is broken and that's over.
- One can argue that Bible teaches that this covenant is still valid and real-Christian performs adultery if re-marries, how can this be proved by Bible? Places such as Matthew 5:31-32, 19:9, or 1. Cor. 7:10-11 do not forbid re-marriage, they only state the desire of God that marriage should not be broken. Actually Matthew passages provide an exception to allow re-marriage (which is that the not-real-Christian performs adultery and the real-Christian can re-marry).
- Conclusion: I think "correct" re-marriage is not living in sin. Please don't think I "accept" any kind of re-marriage, human lives are not black-and-white, and different people tell different stories. I refer only to the above mentioned specific case. There are many many different cases in this world, sad but true.

Issue 2
When reading the Bible, into which context do we read Bible passages? If we read the words of Jesus, they were said in certain situation to certain people, we should understand what Jesus wanted to say to those people in those situations. Otherwise we read into His words with our ideas and thoughts. So here just raising this issue, please consider it.

Issue 3
Romans 1:24-26, the passage starts with word "therefore", meaning that they are referring to previous verses (18-23), where it is clearly talking about people who do not fear God and have become fools. Bible does not say God gives up on believers, rather, Bible confirms that God does NOT forsake anyone who comes to Him (e.g. Hebr. 13:5-6, John 17:12). It is only us people who can choose to abandon our faith and abandon Christ, and that's what the letter to Hebrews really warns us about: 3:12-14, 6:4-6. Also Matt. 13:3-8 and Romans 11:17-22. So God never gives up on us, but He allows us to leave Him is we choose to. (I know this issue is debated in theology, but here I'm just trying to make the point: God does NOT forsake anyone who comes to Him)

Issue 4
Matt. 7:22-23 is more tricky, because we as people, how can we know who are really known by Jesus and who are not? Actually, it's more about who really knows Jesus and who doesn't. It is an essential point that God is not only about love and mercy, but He is certainly a God of judgement and justice. Many people, who call themselves Christians, do not want to see this side of the coin, that is sad. Actually in Matt. 7 context, Jesus discusses exactly this issue, His theme being "recognize the tree by its fruit". We can recognize people by their fruits, BUT it is often very hard to tell, especially if outwardly everything seems to be so well (as in 7:22-23). Then again, we are NOT called to judge or to know other people's heart, what Jesus said to Peter in John 21:22 applies also today: let us follow Him, and He will judge all people.

On the other hand, it is of course our responsibility to preach the full gospel and warn our brothers and sisters who are going the wrong direction, in addition to waking up the sleeping believers and calling out to the lost people. All these must be done based on God's love, not based on us being right and others being wrong. The hardship lies: how to communicate love while telling the truth? It is not as simple as listing the Bible places and stating the truth. If we really act responsibly, we first make sure that we have the loving attitude, and then we pray Holy Spirit to guide us to say and do the right things. Often the respondents do not turn from their ways, then we are like the prophets of the Old Testament: Isaiah 51:1 (Romans 10:16).

Making tents, everyday

Sitting in the airport chair, looking at the check-in queue, soon we will also check-in our huge amount of luggage, then it will be done.

After my previous post there has been many adventures and experiences, so much that I have started to feel numb about it all. We are on our way, in the air or somewhere in between, and that's it. Perhaps now is a good time to reflect on the nature of life for a tent maker.

Making tents is not about profession or exercise, it's about a way of life. When I am totally surrendered to Christ, no matter where I am and which people I meet, I will be an active testimony for Him. It's not how much I talk about Him, it's about how much I look like Him in character.

Tentmaking is easy, but it requires total submission in order to be effective. Everyday, we can either pitch our own tent or contribute to the glorious Kingdom of Christ, what will you choose?

The State of Leaving

"Breaking up is hard to do", says good old song. We are not breaking up, just moving, internationally. We have been living a time of changes, saying goodbyes, packing, unpacking, looking through our stuff and choosing which we want and which to be thrown away. It isn't easy, and we already hope that this period of time will be over.

Yes, it will be over. Every day is closer to the final move, and the transition is always only transition.

Leaving a place is all about inventory, whether be it material or mental garage of life. The moments of joy and sorrow, familiar buildings and surroundings, precious friends, wonderful family (also church family!), everyday meals, nominal routines... Let them be, let them be. Life will continue without us, everything will move on.

We won't, the life of now stays in our minds as a still picture, which we will treasure and zoom in to look at whenever missing home. We will enter another sphere, new rhythm and melody, our life will join the millions of other people in the busy metropolis of China.

What do we take with us? The still picture of current life, the pain of transition, and the excitement of new life.
What do we leave behind us? The possibilities we did not live out, the Finnish childhood Viivi will not have, the events in friends' and family's lives we will miss, and the steady life that would have continued.

Regrets? Life does not give opportunity to regret. There is no if, there is no but. Life goes on, the state of leaving is part of it, and we live through it.

During these times, the words of Paul comforts me:
I eagerly expect and hope that I will in no way be ashamed, but will have sufficient courage so that now as always Christ will be exalted in my body, whether by life or by death. For to me, to live is Christ and to die is gain. (Paul's Letter to Philippians 1:20-21)

Let it be a transition that exalts Christ, let it be a change that glorifies Jesus. To live is Christ, He does not change.

Living by faith includes leaving by faith. No matter where we are, we long for a better country - a heavenly one. Therefor God is not ashamed to be called their God, for he has prepared a city for them. (Hebrews 11:16)

In that heavenly country, we will rejoice forever. No need to transit, no need to leave.

Ja "hyvästi" -sanaa ei tunnetakaan. ("Viimeiset veneet", Lasse Heikkilä)

SLR: Christ - the Answer for All Things

The emergence of various new religious movements in Western society during the past decades have produced imminent shadows over the orthodox Christianity and especially the faith of individual Christians. Among the various new movements there are challenges from traditional religions such as Islam and Buddhism, as well as vast amount of "new" movements ranging from New Age to Theosophy, Transcendental Meditation to Unification church. Unfortunately the main stream churches are not responding to these challenges, mainly neglecting their existence or relying on active individuals to produce apologetics for Christianity.

The most challenging new movements that affect Christian individuals seem to be pseudo-Christian beliefs, for example Jehovah's Witnesses, Unity School of Christianity, and a diversity of legalistic Messianic Jewish teachings. Most of the "new" movements are not new in themselves, but reflect the ideologies from Arianism, Gnosticism, Eastern Mystics, and salvation through deeds. The answer to all these ideologies lies in the person of Jesus Christ, and the letter to Colossians is Paul's way of presenting this solution.

Paul attacks the word fullness (pleroma), which was frequently used by false teachers to present their ideologies, by presenting Christ as the fullness of God in creation (1:15-18), fullness of God in redemption (1:19-23), and fullness of God in the church (1:24-2:7). Creation is upheld by Christ and under His authority, redemption is fully accomplished by Christ and only through Him, and the church exists only because Christ is the head of it. No other ideologies or doctrines are needed, Christ is the fullness of these things and His followers should:
2:6-8 ... continue to live your lives in him, rooted and built up in him, strengthened in the faith as you were taught, and overflowing with thankfulness. See to it that no one takes you captive through hollow and deceptive philosophy, which depends on human tradition and the elemental spiritual forces of this world rather than on Christ.

Paul then continues to present Christ as the answer to human philosophy (2:8-10), warning against Jewish legality (2:13-17), cure against oriental mysticism (2:18-19), and rebuke against carnal asceticism (2:21-3:1). It is amazing that despite the clear warnings of the Bible, moderns Christians still fall away into human philosophy, Jewish legality and New Age ideology. It looks like Christians are saying that Christ is not enough, they need something more, something better to make their lives worth living. The saddest situation is when all backsliding is done in the sincere purpose of glorifying God and seeking to find the "lost truth" that would cure all problems of church.

Paul depicts Christ as the Full Knowledge (epignosis), indicating that in His simplicity He is the true knowledge, the glorious mystery of God: "Christ in you, the hope of glory" (1:27). If a Christian thinks that this is not enough, he can stray into human wisdom or Jewish legality, which provide seemingly good answers to spiritual growth and maturity, but eventually turns out to be hollow and shallow compared to the firm assurance provided by Christ. Paul exhorts us (3:15-17):

Let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts, since as members of one body you were called to peace. 
And be thankful. Let the message of Christ dwell among you richly as you teach and admonish one another with all wisdom through psalms, hymns, and songs from the Spirit, singing to God with gratitude in your hearts. And whatever you do, whether in word or deed, do it all in the name of the Lord Jesus, giving thanks to God the Father through him.


For the modern people involved in new religious movements, Christ still offers the best solution to your problems of sin, frustration of continuous failures, cynical view on life, and vanity of all affairs. Compared to Hindu/Buddhist world view Christ offers hope of salvation and an active attitude to deal with life. Compared to Chinese wisdom and world view Christ offers not only high ethical standards, but the power and means to achieve and keep them. For the animists living in constant fear and uncertainty, Christ offers joy of life and freedom from all fear and bondage. For the materialistic modern man, Christ offers freedom to choose differently, real value for life, and the love that penetrates thickest doubts and criticism.


My message to you is: Christ is real, not fake. He is the resurrected Lord of all creation, and He wants to be the Lord of your life as well. Will you submit to His superiority and surrender your limited wisdom and knowledge into His use? Will you give Him a chance to manifest His great love and power into your life? Do not be tempted by the wonderful promises of new religious movements or traditional religions, they do not contain the fullness of life. 


Jesus said: Let anyone who is thirsty come to me and drink. Whoever drinks the water I give them will never thirst. Indeed, the water I give them will become in them a spring of water welling up to eternal life. (John 7:37, 4:14).

Sources used:
Robertson, Irvine. 1991. What the Cults Believe. Chicago, Illinois: The Moody Bible Institute.
Stewart, James A. 1965. Christ is All - Studies in Colossians. Philadelphia, PA: Revival Literature.
Tenney, Merrill C. 1985. New Testament Survey. Grand Rapids, Michigan: WM. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co.


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